Radiator



' Nav. 16, 1926. 1,607,172

I C.S.SAGE

RADIATOR Filed June 10, 1924 3 Y ENTOR 55 III iii M r%% 1 flTroR/vEYs 6 1923, (application No.

' which a part of the heat imparted to Patented Nov. 16, 1926.

RADIATOR,

Application'filed June 10, 1924. Serial No. 719,073.

This invention relates to a heat transfer apparatus of the class set forth in my pending applications, Serial No. 448,051, filed Feb. 26, 1921, and Serial No. 636,077, filed May 2, 448,051 has matured into patent No. 1,516,893, issued Nov. 25, 1924), except that it is used more particularly with what is commonly known as one pipe steam heating systems in which the water of condensation is allowed to flow back through the same pipe which supplies the steam.

In apparatus of this character, the steam is admitted to one of a pair of spaced heads or manifolds which are connected by a system of spaced tubes to permit the flow of steam and water condensation from one manifold to the other thereby constituting what is commonly known as a radiator lply t e manifolds and tubes is transferred or radiated into the room in which the apparatus'i's located for heating purposes. I

It is well knownthat relatively thin sheet metal tubes having a high degree of'heat conductivity aflord a more rapid and therefore, more economical and efficient transfer of heat than cast metal tubes which are necessarily of much greater thickness.

It is also well known that 'applylng thin sheet metal plates having a highdegree of heat conductivity to the conducting tubes for the heating agent, greatly increases the rapidity of heat transfer from the heated tubes to the surrounding air.-

Furthermore, it is found that in radiators of this type the inclination of the tubes from a horizontal plane not only provides a freer passage for the steam from one manifold to the other, but also allows a free flow of the water of condensation between the manifolds and prevents trapping of air and water in the tubes thus rendering the one pipe system of the highest degree of efliciency. a

Again, it ,is well known that heated air tends to rise in vertical paths from the heat radiating elements, and the main object of .my present invention is to utilize this law of gravity in connection with the agents prevously set forth in not only permitting the free natural flow of the heated air upwardly in vertical paths from the lowermost heating element of the radiator, but also to direct this upflow through relatively narro v vertical channels formed by relatively thin partition plates having a high degree of heat conductivity contacting with the heating tubes'and arranged in Figure 2 is a transversevertical sectional VIEW taken 1n the plane of line 22, Figure 1. t

Figure 3 is a horizontal sectional view through one side of the the plane of line 33, Figure 2.

As illustrated, this apparatus comprises a p'air-ofsimilar uprightend heads or manifolds 1 and 1- arranged in longitudinally spaced relation and connected by a series of, in this instance, four heat transfer units -2 and a connecting tube 3 i for the flow of water of condensation from one manifold to the other.

Each manifold preferably comprises a chambered main body 4 having pendant extensions or legs 5- adapted to rest upon the floor oflthe room in whichthe apparatus is located or such apparatus maybe otherwise supported, if desired,

The chambered members 4 are arranged with their open sides facing each other and are provided with marginal recesses' '.6 for receiving the marginal edges of a pair of sheet metal plates --7 in which the adjacent ends of the heat transfer unit 2' are supported, the'marginal edges of said plates 7 being welded or otherwise permanently secured to the inner parallel vertical planes so as to provide a combined heat transfer area of extremely large capacity in. a radiator unit of comparatively small size.

Wlll be brought out radiator taken in so nected near its lower end to the corresponding end of the first-named chamber by means of the'tube -3 which serves to conduct water of condensation from one chamber to the other so that it may finally pass out through the lower part of the steam s up-.

ply conduit 9. without interfering with the flow of steam to the ad]acent manifold -4.

The heating units 2- are similar m that each comprises a series of, in this mstan ce, three thin sheet metaltubes 10 and a relatively greater number of thin sheet metal plates -11- supported by the tubes of that unit in' parallel spaced relation transversely thereof.

The tubes 10 and plates -11 are made of thin metal having a high-degree of heat conductivity, such for example, as copper, brass or tin so as to afford a rapid transfer of the heat from the steam or water in the tubes to the surrounding atmosphere for heating purposes.

The tubes 10 of each heat transfer unit 2 are arranged in parallelspaced relation lengthwise of the radiator and have their opposite ends permanently and rigidly secured in suitable openings in theadjacent plates 7 so as to form liquid-tight joints therewith and to establish communication between the heads therethrough.

The ends of the tubes may be secured in the plates -,7- by swaging, welding or any other suitable fastening means.

The tubes of each unit are preferably disposed in inclined planes to facilitate the ow'of'steam from one manifold to the other and also to enable the water of condensation to easily gravitate from one manifold to the other along the'bottoms thereof without interfering with the flow of steam the'rethrough thereby preventing the trapping of air and water of condensation in any {part of the steahivcirculating system.

The tube 3 connecting the lower ends of the chambers 4-. =also serves to carry the water of condensation from one mania fold to the other and thereby to permit its escape along the bottom of the steam supply pipe '-9 while the steam is flowing through the upper part thereof.

The, inclination .of the tubes 2.- also permits any water of condensation accumulating' therein, to flow back into one or the other of the manifolds 4- and if flowing into the manifold opposite the steam inlet, it returns through the conductor 3- to the steam inlet 9-.

Two of the heat-interchanging units 2 are connected to and between the lower portions ofthe manifolds -1 and are disposed side by side in transverse vertical planes and therefore, the tubes of both sets 'willbe disposed in parallel vertical planes but are inclined longitudinally in opposite directions.

The plates 11 of each of said units are provided with registering apertures through which the tubes extend and are also provided with flanges surrounding the ap-. ertures and in contact with the tubes for transferring heat therefrom'to the plates which are preferably arrangedin parallel vertical planes and in uniformly spaced rela.

tionlengthwise of the tubes to formvertical air cells through which the air to be heated may easily travel under its own gravity as it takes up the'heat from the plates.

These plates may be made of thin sheets of copper, brass or other suitable material having high degree of heat conductivity and by reason" of their'thickness, a relatively large number of them may be placed side by side upon the tubes thereby producing a combined relatively large heat radiating area within a comparatively small space which together with their high heat, conductivity provides for a rapid circulation of the air to be heated from bottom to top during its natural upward flow with a minimum resistance.

.It isnow apparent that cold air coming in contact with the two lower sets of plates -11 is heated thereby and -of course, tends to expand in all directions, but in order that it may bedirected upwardly and forwardly, the rear edges of the plates of both sets are provided with flanges 12- offset in the same direction andpreferably at right angles to the main bodies of the plates through which the tubes pass, the lengthwise width.of the flanges being approximately equal to the spaces between the main bodies thereof so as to form baflie walls at the rear of the cells or spaces for-defleeting heated air upwardly and forwardly through the open upperen-ds and front sides of the cells. v

The upper two heat transfer units .--2' are'disposed one above the other, directly over the upper "ends of the lower units previously described, and are preferably arranged in' diagonal or inclined planes so that each row of tubes will extend transversely aeoaiva rear directly over the upper ends of the lower perpendicular units and the upperof are disposed in vertical planes and therefore, form vertical channels or cells through whichthe heated air may readily pass, but is directed in its upward flow by the flanges 12v into the room and in the direction desired.

These flanges in addition to their function as baffle plates for directing the flow of the heated air, also greatly increase the heatradiating area of the radiator as a whole, while the vertical channels between the plates of the several units permits the flow of the air across and in contact with both faces of all the plates with a minimum amount of resistance and thereby assures a maximum heat transfer from the steam passing through the tubes to the surrounding air, all of which enables the radiatorto be made relatively small, compact and easily portable while still retaining a proportionately large heat-radiating area.

I claim:

1. In a heat transfer apparatus, hollow upright manifolds, means for introducing aheating. agent into one of said manifolds, a heat-transfer unit including a tube connecting said manifolds. and disposed in a.

longitudinally inclined plane, and sheet metal plates'contacting with the tube and disposed in spaced parallel vertical planes, and means for introducing a heating agent into one of the manifolds, said lates-having flanges projecting laterally rom corresponding lengthwiseedges across the intervening spaces.

2. ln a heattransfer apparatus, hollow upright manifolds a heat transfer unit having aseries of tubes connecting said manifolds and disposedin parallel longitudinally inclined planes one above the other, said unit having a series of sheet metal plates extending transversely of and around the tubes and disposed in spaced parallel vertical planes, said plates being provided with vertical flanges projecting across the intervening spaces.

3. In a heat-transfer apparatus, a pair of hollow upright end heads, and a heat-transfer unit connectedto and between said heads and inclined longitudinally and transverse- 1y, said unit having a series of plates disposed in spaced parallel vertical planes, and provided with flanges projecting across the intervening spaces. 4

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 3d da of June, 1924.

gHARLES S. SAGE. 

